St. Aloysius Orphans’ Home

September 9, 2023 KKA GenealogyLeave a comment

Overview

In 1851, Father Joseph Kuenster of the St. Boniface parish in Quincy, formed the St. Aloysius Orphan Society to support a parish orphanage for children that were left dependent due to a recent cholera epidemic.[1] Monthly subscriptions and donations from local citizens and fundraising activities, including annual picnics and fairs, provided most of its annual income.[2] The building was dedicated on April 18, 1865.[3] Prior to the dedication, children were placed in the care of local families.[4]

In 1944, the local bishop, James Griffin, was set on closing the institution, despite it never benefitting from a share in the diocesan charity collections.[5] In June 1944, the priest-director of Catholic Charities, the bureau in Springfield, Illinois, paid a “friendly visit” to the orphanage. However, just a month later, Bishop James Griffin asked the charities’ board to sign over ownership of the building and land to Quincy College.[6] After multiple meetings of the board and members of the Orphan Society, in early 1945, the directors reported a two-thirds vote to keep the orphanage open.[7] Bishop Griffin responded by ordering the sisters to leave the orphanage at once, which effectively closed it. When the society’s officers visited Bishop Griffin and asked for his reasons for closing it, he gave none.[8]

Institution Name

Alternative Names: St. Aloysius’ Orphan Society, St. Aloysius Orphanage

Type of Institution: Orphanage, School

Location and Building

Address: 1934 Vine Street / Northwest Corner of 20^th and College (Vine) Street.

Locality: Quincy

County: Adams County

State: Illinois

Notes on the building:

The original building was built in 1865 and remodeled in 1883. The building was demolished and rebuilt by the Orphan Society in 1919. Architect Martin J. Geise designed the new building, which measured 89×50 feet.[9]

Administration Information

Date of Founding: 1851 / 1865

Date of Overall Closure: 1944

Notes: The Orphan Society was founded in 1851. The orphanage itself was built in 1865.

Administration:

1904: St. Aloysius Orphan Society
1910: Private corporation
1913: Managed by six Sisters of Notre Dame
1921: Conducted by the School Sisters of Notre Dame
1923: Roman Catholic Church

Contributors/Support

1913: County pays two dollars and fifty cents per month for each dependent child committed to the home.

Notable People

Father Joseph Kuenster: Pastor of St. Boniface Parish in Quincy in 1852.[10]

Intake Information and Requirements

Intake Gender/Sex: Female, Male

Intake Age:

1913: under 16
1923: infants-14 years
1933: 2-18

Intake Ethnicity/Race

1910: White
1923: White
1933: White

Intake Specifics:

1904: Orphans and half-orphans
1910: Orphan
1923: Dependent

Number of Residents:

1884: 61 children

1921: 19 boys and 17 girls

1933: 39 chidlren.

Previous Residents:

Henry Henkhaus

First of two children accepted into the care by the Society. He was cared for by a local family and later adopted by John B. Vonderheide.[11]

Hinkman Children

Dorothy, Mary, and William.[12]

Hunolt Children

T. F. Hunolt’s four children were brought to St. Aloysius Orphans’ Home in September 1925.[13]
The children of T. F. Hunolt were residents of St. Aloysius Orphanage on July 19, 1928.[14]
Helen, Christine, and Martha Hunolt were staying at the home in August 1929.[15]
Miss Helen Hunolt was a resident on 7 May 1931.[16]

Mary Kathleen Smith[17]

Resided in the home in July 1932.[18]

Tirichans (No Given Name)

Girl who was among the first to be accepted into care by the Society. She was placed with a local family for care.[19]

Records

Online

Adams County, Illinois, Genealogy Trails

St. Aloysius Orphanage: http://genealogytrails.com/ill/adams/staloysius/staloysius.htm
List of Children Staying at St. Aloysius Orphanage: http://genealogytrails.com/ill/adams/staloysius/staloysiuschild.htm
Detailed information about Each Child Staying at St. Aloysius Orphanage: http://genealogytrails.com/ill/adams/staloysius/staloysiuschildinfo.htm
Letters and Pictures: http://genealogytrails.com/ill/adams/staloysius/staloypics.htm
News Stories about St. Aloysius Orphanage: http://genealogytrails.com/ill/adams/staloysius/staloyhistory.html

Archives and Museums

Historical Society of Quincy and Adams County, Illinois.

https://www.hsqac.org/research

Sources

“Architect Martin J. Geise…,” The Catholic Tribune (St. Joseph, Missouri), 2 February 1918, page 6, col. 1. Accessed at Newspapers.com.

Board of State Commissioners of Public Charities. 1880. Sixth Biennial Report of the Board of State Commissioners of Public Charities of the State of Illinois, November 1880. Springfield, Illinois: H. W. Rokker, State Printer and Binder. https://www.google.com/books/edition/_/OobIAAAAMAAJ.

—. 1884. Eighth Biennial Report of the Board State Commissioners of Public Charities of the State of Illinois, November 1884. Springfield, Illinois: H. W. Rokker, State Printer and Binder. https://www.google.com/books/edition/_/DKTIAAAAMAAJ.

Illinois State Charities Commission. 1911. Second Annual Report of the State Charities Commission to the Honorable Charles S. Deneen, Governor of Illinois. Springfield, Illinois: Illinois State Journal Company. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Annual_Report/pFgZAQAAIAAJ.

Oates, Mary J. 1995. The Catholic Philanthropic Tradition in America. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press. https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Catholic_Philanthropic_Tradition_in/6s6VilLfPfgC?hl=en&gbpv=0.

Peters, Susan and Jane Morris. 2022. “Fate, Friendship and Faith,” Herald-Whig, 11 June 2022. https://www.whig.com/lifestyles/history/fate-friendship-and-faith/article_0f4faf92-e8e7-11ec-8c58-1fb593010acc.html.

Ryan, Reverend James H. 1921. Directory of Catholic Colleges and Schools. Washington, D.C.: National Catholic Welfare Council, Bureau of Education. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Directory_of_Catholic_Colleges_and_Schoo/UrJEAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0.

United States Bureau of the Census. 1905. Benevolent Institutions 1904. Washington, D. C.: Governmental Printing Office. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Benevolent_Institutions_1904/GKpMAAAAYAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0.

—. 1913. Benevolent Institutions 1910. Washington, D. C.: Governmental Printing Office. https://books.google.com/books?id=fmgGAQAAIAAJ.

—. 1927. Children Under Institutional Care, 1923: Statistics of Dependent, Neglected, and Delinquent Children in Institutions and Under the Supervision of Other Agencies for the Care of Children, with a Section on Adults in Certain Types of Institutions. Washington, D.C.: Governmental Printing Office. https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=PFXZTGK-ZyAC&rdid=book-PFXZTGK-ZyAC&rdot=1.

—. 1935. Children Under Institutional Care and in Foster Homes. Washington, D. C.: Governmental Printing Office. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Children_Under_Institutional_Care_and_in/rnQGAQAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0.

[1] Peters, Susan and Jane Morris. 2022. “Fate, Friendship and Faith,” Herald-Whig, 11 June 2022. https://www.whig.com/lifestyles/history/fate-friendship-and-faith/article_0f4faf92-e8e7-11ec-8c58-1fb593010acc.html.

[2] Oates, Mary J. 1995. The Catholic Philanthropic Tradition in America. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press. https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Catholic_Philanthropic_Tradition_in/6s6VilLfPfgC?hl=en&gbpv=0.

[3] Collins, William H. and Cicero F. Perry. 1905. Past and Present of the City of Quincy and Adams County, Illinois. Chicago: The S. J. Clarke Publishing Company. 235. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Past_and_Present_of_the_City_of_Quincy_a/XlQ0AQAAMAAJ.

[4] Peters, Susan and Jane Morris. 2022.

[5] Oates, Mary J. 1995.

[6] Oates, Mary J. 1995.

[7] Oates, Mary J. 1995.

[8] Oates, Mary J. 1995.

[9] “Architect Martin J. Geise…,” The Catholic Tribune (St. Joseph, Missouri), 2 February 1918, page 6, col. 1. Accessed at Newspapers.com.

[10] Peters, Susan and Jane Morris. 2022. “Fate, Friendship and Faith,” Herald-Whig, 11 June 2022. https://www.whig.com/lifestyles/history/fate-friendship-and-faith/article_0f4faf92-e8e7-11ec-8c58-1fb593010acc.html.

[11] Peters, Susan and Jane Morris. 2022.

[12] Peters, Susan and Jane Morris. 2022.

[13] “T. F. Hunolt and sister…” The Edina Sentinel (Edina, Missouri), 24 September 1925, p. 4, col. 1. Accessed at Newspapers.com.

[14] “T. F. Hunolt…” The Edina Sentinel (Edina, Missouri), 19 July 1928, p. 6, col. 6. Accessed at Newspapers.com.

[15] “Mr. and Mrs. T. M. Durk of Quincy and the latter’s nieces…” The Edina Sentinel (Edina, Missouri), 22 August 1929, p. 4, col. 3. Accessed at Newspapers.com.

[16] “Miss Helen Hunolt of St. Aloysius Home…” The Edina Sentinel (Edina, Missouri), 7 May 1931, p. 6, col. 1. Accessed at Newspapers.com.

[17] Peters, Susan and Jane Morris. 2022.

[18] “Mrs. Gara Smith and little daughter, Kathleen…” The Canton Press-News (Canton, Missouri), 28 July 1932, p. 3, col. 4. Accessed at Newspapers.com.

[19] Peters, Susan and Jane Morris. 2022.

Anna Brown Home for the Aged

July 25, 2023 KKA GenealogyLeave a comment

Overview

The Anna Brown Home for the Aged was originally erected as a private residence in 1875 by Anna Brown, widow of Charles Brown. She built a three-story brick house and lived there until her death in 1893. In her will, she provided for the establishment of a home for the aged, to which she gave her home at Fifth and Maple streets in Quincy (1501 North Fifth Street), and endowed it with $55,000. The home opened in January 1898.

Institution Name

Alternative Names: Anna Brown Home

Type of Institution: Aged

Location and Building

Street Address: 1501 North Fifth St.

Locality: Quincy

County: Adams

State: Illinois

Alternative Address: Fifth and Maple

Notes on the building (does it still exist?): No, the building was demolished in 2012 after a fire destroyed much of the structure.

Administration Information

Date of Founding: January 1898

Date of Name, Place, or Mission Change, or Merger: 1970[1]

Date of Overall Closure: after 1970

Dates of Operation at This Address Under This Name with the Same Mission: 1868-1970

Notes: The Anna Brown Home merged with Good Samaritan Home on September 1, 1970.[2] It was later owned by a series of developers who operated it as apartments until it was left vacant when it deteriorated.

Administration: Board of Trustees

Contributors/Support:

Notable People

Anna E. Brown: Provided in her will for the establishment of a home for the aged—provided her residence for such a home.[3]

Original Board of Trustees:[4]

W. H. Collins, President
Osman B. Gordon, Vice-President
T. C. Poling, Treasurer
George H. Wilson, Secretary

Elizabeth Carelton: Matron in 1905.[5]

Charles Henry Bull: Member of the Board of Trustees

Intake Information and Requirements

Intake Gender/Sex: Unknown, likely both.

Intake Age: Adult

Intake Ethnicity/Race: Unknown, likely white.

Intake Religion: Unknown, likely none, maybe Christian.

Intake Specifics:

1905: acceptable applicants only, admission fee of $300

Records

1920 Census

Name	Relationship to Head of Household	Sex	Race	Age	Marital Status
Henry, Eliza R.	Head	Female	White	63	Single
Sonnenschein, Mary D.	Servant	Female	White	34	Single
Brown, Mary E.	Servant	Female	White	61	Widowed
Ladd, George W.	Resident	Male	White	85	Widowed
West, Nathan C.	Resident	Male	White	91	Married
West, Amanda	Resident	Female	White	84	Married
Higgins, Marion	Resident	Female	White	67	Widowed
Kalb, Ella-belle	Resident	Female	White	62	Single
Marsh, Amy C.	Resident	Female	White	64	Widowed
Cady, Mary Ellen	Resident	Female	White	75	Widowed
Starkey, Eliza B.	Resident	Female	White	73	Widowed
Duncan, Elizabeth	Resident	Female	White	84	Widowed
Battelle, Anna W.	Resident	Female	White	79	Widowed
Smith, Frances B.	Resident	Female	White	88	Widowed
Lovely, Ann	Resident	Female	White	81	Widowed
Kinaman, Margaret	Resident	Female	White	87	Widowed
Yates, Maria W.	Resident	Female	White	76	Widowed
Hilborn, Jennie M.	Resident	Female	White	79	Widowed
Ayers, Almaretta	Resident	Female	White	64	Widowed
Colwell, Lina	Resident	Female	White	80	Widowed
Cramer, Ida P.	Resident	Female	White	64	Single
Schell, Cecilia L.	Resident	Female	White	72	Single
Leavell, Frances M.	Resident	Female	White	66	Single
Leavell, Alice E.	Resident	Female	White	60	Single
Gurn, Mary E.	Resident	Female	White	72	Single

Sources

Collins, William. 1905. Past and Present of the City of Quincy and Adams County, Illinois. Chicago: S. J. Clarke Publishing Co. Page 234.

United States Bureau of the Census. 1913. Benevolent Institutions 1910. Washington, D. C.: Governmental Printing Office. https://books.google.com/books?id=fmgGAQAAIAAJ.

Welfare Bulletin: The Institution Quartly, Volume 4. Illinois Department of Public Welfare. 1913. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Welfare_Bulletin/YqxCAQAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0.

Wilson, Doug. 2012. “Anna Brown House was a 137-year-old landmark.” Herald Whig (Quincy, Illinois), August 16, 2012. https://www.whig.com/archive/article/anna-brown-house-was-a-137-year-old-landmark/article_f885e058-cbff-53dc-a654-84f0ef4e7012.html.

[1] Wilson, Doug. 2012. “Anna Brown House was a 137-year-old landmark.” Herald Whig (Quincy, Illinois), August 16, 2012. https://www.whig.com/archive/article/anna-brown-house-was-a-137-year-old-landmark/article_f885e058-cbff-53dc-a654-84f0ef4e7012.html.

[2] Wilson, Doug. 2012. “Anna Brown House was a 137-year-old landmark.” Herald Whig (Quincy, Illinois), August 16, 2012. https://www.whig.com/archive/article/anna-brown-house-was-a-137-year-old-landmark/article_f885e058-cbff-53dc-a654-84f0ef4e7012.html.

[3] Collins, William. 1905. Past and Present of the City of Quincy and Adams County, Illinois. Chicago: S. J. Clarke Publishing Co. Page 234.

[4] Collins, William. 1905. Past and Present of the City of Quincy and Adams County, Illinois. Chicago: S. J. Clarke Publishing Co. Page 234.

[5] Collins, William. 1905. Past and Present of the City of Quincy and Adams County, Illinois. Chicago: S. J. Clarke Publishing Co. Page 234.

Adams County Almshouse

June 24, 2023 KKA GenealogyLeave a comment

Overview

The Adams County Almshouse was in operation from 1858 through 1860. In 1875, a new building in Gilmer Township, Adams County, was completed.

Institution Name

Alternative Names: Adams County Poor Farm

Type of Institution: Almshouse

Location and Building

Locality: Paloma

County: Adams County

State: Illinois

Notes on the building:

July 29, 1915: “The architecture of the main building belongs to the period when almshouses were designed to appear as gloomy and as desolate as possible. The building is three stories in height. The straight, high walls are unrelieved by balconies or verandas, except at the ends. The entire width of the building presents like an expanse of many windows set close together and suggests the many cell-like rooms within.”[1]

Administration Information

Date of Founding: 1858

Date of Name, Place, or Mission Change, or Merger: 1875

Date of Overall Closure: 1960

Dates of Operation at This Address Under This Name with the Same Mission: 1875-1960

Original Name at Founding if Changes Occurred: Adams County Almshouse

Notes: A poor farm was in operation in Adams County since at least 1858. By 1875, construction of a new Almshouse was completed in Gilmer Township, Adams County.

Administration: Adams County

Notable People

William Elliott: Keeper of the Almshouse circa 1880.[2]

J. E. Earl: Superintendent of the Almshouse circa 1906-1908.[3]

J. R. Pearce: Superintendent of the Almshouse circa 1906-1909.[4]

John Swank: Superintendent of the Almshouse circa 1910-1918.[5][6]

Intake Information and Requirements

Intake Gender/Sex: 1915: Female, Female

Intake Age: All ages.

Intake Specifics:

1880: 36 insane paupers upon the farm, 25 of whom were in seclusion.[7]
1884: 115 inmates–“43 were insane, 2 idiots, 1 deaf, and 3 blind. 8 were children under 16 years of age… The county endeavors to find homes for children believing that the poorhouse is not the proper place for them. Neither is it the proper place for the insane. All the insane inmates have been committed by a verdict of the court.”[8]
July 29, 1915:
The rooms on the second floor have barred doors which were used when these rooms were occupied by insane inmates.[9]
No separation of sick persons from well ones.

Number of Residents:

1880: 101 inmates. 3 born in the almshouse.[10]
1884: 115 inmates.[11]
1918: 64 inmates.[12]

Previous Residents:

Rhoda Derry

1880: “In our last report, mention was made of one female patient who occupies a large wooden box filled with straw. She will not wear clothing, but is covered with a canvass cloth, is in constant motion, has bruised herself from head to foot, and put out her own eyes. This patient is still an occupant of the box referred to, and now has for company, in the same room, another female patient, not in a box, but in an entirely nude condition.”[13]
“Forty Two Years in a Crib,” Chicago Tribune, https://www.newspapers.com/article/chicago-tribune-forty-two-years-in-a-cri/127021553/.

Records

Cemetery Record

Surname	First Name	Date of Birth	Date of Death	Notes
Adler	Georg Martin	11-4-1835	11-9-1913
Alexander	Anna	1863	2-12-1901
Allen	Eliza Jane	1835	2-11-1914
Allen	George L	3-13-1852	4-12-1936
Allen	Henry L	1864	12-10-1919
Armstrong	William	1831	1881
Arnold	George	1804	11-13-1880
Arnold	John Robert	1-18-1863	1-18-1937
Aschenbrenner	Annie Janie	1869	3-1-1923	w/o John
Aschenbrenner	John Theodore	12-23-1857	7-19-1907
Bailey	Marcuss	12-19-1840	10-13-1917
Bartlett	Ruth	1860	6-15-1926
Bax	William	9-1-1851	8-27-1931
Beagle	Charles	1854	8-17-1898
Beckman	Fred W		6-11-1898
Biggs	Unknown	1883	8-30-1906
Brannon	Thomas William	1958	1985
Brenekamp	Barnard	1831	8-11-1911
Brocksieck	Charles	9-4-1867	1-7-1914
Brown	George	6-11-1875	4-12-1917
Busby	William	1872	3-5-1900
Cabreelson	Alfred	1859	6-26-1906
Campbell	Joe Dave	8-11-1842	3-15-1921
Carrier	Fred	5-1-1874	4-17-1926
Case	John L	11-8-1866	4-7-1936
Cheek	James	2-23-1847	1-23-1907
Clark	John	1832	10-24-1882
Clayton	George	1824	6-3-1908
Durfee	James	9-16-1798	7-16-1844
Hill	Wellington	1855	7-19-1935
King	Elmer W	1864	1936
King	Mamie E	1866	1944
Phenis	Albert	1853	2-9-1937
Thompson	Anna		3-9-1908
Tongate	Ambrose S	1830	10-27-1879
Triplett	Elzy	3-22-1819	3-21-1882

Other Records

“Applications and statements for record, 1860-1960,” available on FamilySearch.org. https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/618470?availability=Family%20History%20Library.

Sources

—. 1909. Twentieth Biennial Report of the Board of State Commissioners of Public Charities of the State of Illinois: Being a Statistical Record of the Public Charity Service for the Period July 1, 1906 to June 30, 1908, and embracing Recommendations for the Period July 1, 1908 to June 30, 1910. Springfield, Illinois: Illinois State Journal Company. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Biennial_Report_of_the_Board_of_State_Co/RroWAAAAYAAJ.

State Charities Commission. 1911. Second Annual Report of the State Charities Commission to the Honorable Charles S. Deneen, Governor of Illinois. Springfield, Illinois: Illinois State Journal Company. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Annual_Report/pFgZAQAAIAAJ.

The Institution Quarterly: An Official Organ of the Public Charity Service of Illinois. 1916.Volume VII. Springfield, Illinois: State Board of Administration, State Charities Commission, and State Psychopathic Institute. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Welfare_Bulletin/qa5CAQAAIAAJ.

The Institution Quarterly: An Official Organ of the Public Charity Service of Illinois. 1920.Volume XI. Ed. A. L. Bowen. Springfield, Illinois: Illinois State Journal Company. https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Institution_Quarterly/9SaShNqJz7IC.

[1] The Institution Quarterly: An Official Organ of the Public Charity Service of Illinois. 1916.Volume VII. Springfield, Illinois: State Board of Administration, State Charities Commission, and State Psychopathic Institute. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Welfare_Bulletin/qa5CAQAAIAAJ.

[2] Board of State Commissioners of Public Charities. 1880. Sixth Biennial Report of the Board of State Commissioners of Public Charities of the State of Illinois, November 1880. Springfield, Illinois: H. W. Rokker, State Printer and Binder. https://www.google.com/books/edition/_/OobIAAAAMAAJ.

[3] Board of State Commissioners of Public Charities. 1909. Twentieth Biennial Report of the Board of State Commissioners of Public Charities of the State of Illinois: Being a Statistical Record of the Public Charity Service for the Period July 1, 1906 to June 30, 1908, and embracing Recommendations for the Period July 1, 1908 to June 30, 1910. Springfield, Illinois: Illinois State Journal Company. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Biennial_Report_of_the_Board_of_State_Co/RroWAAAAYAAJ.

[4] Board of State Commissioners of Public Charities. 1909. Twentieth Biennial Report of the Board of State Commissioners of Public Charities of the State of Illinois: Being a Statistical Record of the Public Charity Service for the Period July 1, 1906 to June 30, 1908, and embracing Recommendations for the Period July 1, 1908 to June 30, 1910. Springfield, Illinois: Illinois State Journal Company. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Biennial_Report_of_the_Board_of_State_Co/RroWAAAAYAAJ.

[5] State Charities Commission. 1911. Second Annual Report of the State Charities Commission to the Honorable Charles S. Deneen, Governor of Illinois. Springfield, Illinois: Illinois State Journal Company. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Annual_Report/pFgZAQAAIAAJ.

[6] The Institution Quarterly: An Official Organ of the Public Charity Service of Illinois. 1920.Volume XI. Ed. A. L. Bowen. Springfield, Illinois: Illinois State Journal Company. https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Institution_Quarterly/9SaShNqJz7IC.

[7] Board of State Commissioners of Public Charities. 1880. Sixth Biennial Report of the Board of State Commissioners of Public Charities of the State of Illinois, November 1880. Springfield, Illinois: H. W. Rokker, State Printer and Binder. https://www.google.com/books/edition/_/OobIAAAAMAAJ.

[8] 1884. Eighth Biennial Report of the Board State Commissioners of Public Charities of the State of Illinois, November 1884. Springfield, Illinois: H. W. Rokker, State Printer and Binder. https://www.google.com/books/edition/_/DKTIAAAAMAAJ.

[9] The Institution Quarterly: An Official Organ of the Public Charity Service of Illinois. 1916.Volume VII. Springfield, Illinois: State Board of Administration, State Charities Commission, and State Psychopathic Institute. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Welfare_Bulletin/qa5CAQAAIAAJ.

[10] Board of State Commissioners of Public Charities. 1880. Sixth Biennial Report of the Board of State Commissioners of Public Charities of the State of Illinois, November 1880. Springfield, Illinois: H. W. Rokker, State Printer and Binder. https://www.google.com/books/edition/_/OobIAAAAMAAJ.

[11] 1884. Eighth Biennial Report of the Board State Commissioners of Public Charities of the State of Illinois, November 1884. Springfield, Illinois: H. W. Rokker, State Printer and Binder. https://www.google.com/books/edition/_/DKTIAAAAMAAJ.

[12] The Institution Quarterly: An Official Organ of the Public Charity Service of Illinois. 1920.Volume XI. Ed. A. L. Bowen. Springfield, Illinois: Illinois State Journal Company. https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Institution_Quarterly/9SaShNqJz7IC.

[13] Board of State Commissioners of Public Charities. 1880. Sixth Biennial Report of the Board of State Commissioners of Public Charities of the State of Illinois, November 1880. Springfield, Illinois: H. W. Rokker, State Printer and Binder. https://www.google.com/books/edition/_/OobIAAAAMAAJ.